#12steps Video Tutorial - Conjugate Heat Transfer on Ansys Fluent

 This is the first episode of 12 steps video's tutorials. I hope You like it :) 

First U need to know what is Conjugate Heat Transfer. 

Conjugate heat transfer is a type of heat transfer analysis that involves both solids and fluids. It takes into account the effects of conduction in solids and convection in fluids, as well as the interactions between them at the interface. Conjugate heat transfer is important for many engineering applications, such as cooling of electronic devices, heat exchangers, combustion chambers, and solar collectors. ¹²

Some examples of conjugate heat transfer problems are:

- A heat sink that dissipates heat from a power supply unit by increasing the surface area in contact with the air flow generated by a fan. ²

- A shell-and-tube heat exchanger that transfers heat between two fluids separated by a thin metal wall. ²

- A nuclear reactor core that transfers heat from the fuel rods to the coolant fluid. ⁴

To solve conjugate heat transfer problems, one needs to use a numerical method that can handle both solid and fluid domains, as well as the coupling conditions at the interface. Some of the methods are:

- The domain decomposition method, which divides the problem into subdomains and solves them separately, then matches the solutions at the interface. ¹

- The finite element method, which discretizes the problem into elements and applies variational principles to obtain a system of equations. ²

- The finite volume method, which discretizes the problem into control volumes and applies conservation laws to obtain a system of equations. ³⁴

Below two parts of video tutorial of Conjugate Heat Transfer in Ansys Fluent (#12steps series)

Source: 

(1) Conjugate convective heat transfer - Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjugate_Convective_Heat_Transfer.

(2) Conjugate Heat Transfer | COMSOL Blog. https://www.comsol.com/blogs/conjugate-heat-transfer/.

(3) Solving Conjugate Heat Transfer problems - Computational Fluid Dynamics. https://www.computationalfluiddynamics.com.au/conjugate-heat-transfer/.

(4) Conjugate Heat Transfer Simulation: Best Practices | SimScale. https://www.simscale.com/blog/cht-best-practices/.

Quick Tip: How to avoid Incorrect Wave Height in Ansys Fluent

According to my video and web search, this is a common issue that many Fluent users face when simulating open channel flow with wave boundary conditions . Some possible causes and solutions are:

• The wave height may be affected by the mesh quality and resolution. You may need to refine your mesh near the free surface and use a finer time step to capture the wave dynamics more accurately .
• The wave height may also depend on the wave theory and spectrum that you choose for your boundary conditions. You may need to adjust the parameters such as wave length, wave period, wave amplitude, wave direction, etc. to match your desired wave characteristics .
• The wave height may be influenced by the numerical schemes and relaxation factors that you use for your solution methods. You may need to use a higher order scheme such as QUICK or MUSCL and lower the relaxation factors for pressure and volume fraction to improve the stability and accuracy of your solution .

You can find more details and examples on how to perform these steps in the following resources:

• A video tutorial on how to model a tank discharge flow using VOF model in Ansys Fluent .
• A video tutorial on how to model an open channel flow with wave using VOF model in Ansys Fluent ³.
• A forum thread on how to avoid incorrect wave height in Ansys Fluent.
• A forum thread on how to use wave period for input in Fluent.
• The Ansys Fluent User’s Guide, especially Chapter 23: Using the VOF Model.
• The Ansys Fluent Theory Guide, especially Chapter 18: Volume of Fluid Model Theory.

I hope this helps you avoid incorrect wave height in Ansys Fluent and achieve your desired simulation results. If you have any other questions, please feel free to ask me. 😊

Quick Tip: How to fix Error: GENERAL-CAR-CDR in Ansys (Fluent)

 The error message Error: GENERAL-CAR-CDR: invalid argument [1]: improper list means that there is a problem with the scheme code or the UDF (user-defined function) in your case or data file . Some possible solutions are:

• Save the case and data file and try to reopen it.
• Reset the Fluent Setup tab and try opening the mesh.
• Remesh the geometry and reopen in Fluent.
• Change the material definition from “Solid” to “Fluid” in Design Modeler.
• Change the transient to steady if you are using evaporation-condensation as the phase interaction mechanism.
• Check the syntax of your UDF and make sure it follows the new rules in Fluent 6.2.16 or later.

I hope this helps you resolve the error. If you need more assistance, please visit the Ansys Learning Forum or contact Ansys Support . Have a nice day! 😊

Sources:

1. smartadm.ru

2. cfd-online.com

3. forum.ansys.com

4. forum.ansys.com

In Polish 

Błąd: GENERAL-CAR-CDR oznacza, że wystąpił problem z kodem Scheme w programie Ansys Fluent. Scheme to język programowania używany do pisania funkcji zdefiniowanych przez użytkownika (UDF) lub makr w Fluent ¹. Błąd ten pojawia się, gdy Fluent oczekuje listy wartości, ale otrzymuje inną wartość, np. fałszywą (#f) ².

Możliwe przyczyny tego błędu to:

• Niepoprawna składnia lub brakujące znaki w kodzie Scheme
• Niezgodność typów danych lub argumentów w funkcjach Scheme
• Nieprawidłowe ustawienia lub opcje w Fluent

Możliwe rozwiązania tego błędu to:

• Sprawdzenie i poprawienie kodu Scheme, upewniając się, że wszystkie nawiasy i cudzysłowy są zamknięte i dopasowane
• Sprawdzenie i poprawienie typów danych i argumentów w funkcjach Scheme, upewniając się, że są zgodne z dokumentacją Fluent
• Zapisanie i ponowne otwarcie pliku przypadku i danych
• Zresetowanie zakładki ustawień Fluent i ponowne otwarcie siatki
• Przemieszanie geometrii i ponowne otwarcie w Fluent

Możesz znaleźć więcej informacji i przykładów na temat tego błędu na stronach internetowych ³⁴. Mam nadzieję, że to ci pomoże. 😊

What are APDL commands in Ansys and what are they used for?

 APDL commands are text commands that you can use to perform various tasks in Ansys, such as defining material properties, applying boundary conditions, solving models, and post-processing results. APDL stands for Ansys Parametric Design Language, and it is a scripting language that allows you to automate and customize your Ansys workflows.

APDL commands can be entered in the Ansys Mechanical APDL interface, or in the command objects in Ansys Workbench. You can also write APDL scripts or macros that contain multiple commands and run them as a batch file. APDL commands can access the full functionality of Ansys, including features that are not available in the graphical user interface.

Some examples of APDL commands are:

• MP,EX,1,200E9 - This command defines the Young’s modulus (EX) of material number 1 as 200 GPa.
• L,1,2,3 - This command creates a line (L) from keypoint 1 to keypoint 2 to keypoint 3.
• PLANE42 - This command selects the 4-node plane element type (PLANE42) for meshing.
• SOLVE - This command initiates the solution process.
• PRNSOL,U - This command prints the nodal solution data (U) for displacements.

If you want to learn more about APDL commands and how to use them in Ansys, you can check out the following resources:

• Mechanical APDL Command Reference: This is a PDF document that explains the syntax and usage of all the APDL commands in Ansys.
• 20 APDL Commands Every ANSYS Mechanical User Should Know: This is a blog post that introduces some of the most useful and common APDL commands for Ansys Mechanical users.
• Common Commands in ANSYS APDL: This is a PDF document that summarizes some of the basic commands for selecting, defining, and manipulating entities in Ansys.

Here are some more examples of APDL commands in Ansys that you might find useful:

• /SOLU - Enters the solution processor, where you can apply loads and constraints, and solve the model.
• D - Applies displacement constraints on selected nodes. For example, D,ALL,UX,0 applies a zero displacement in the X-direction on all nodes.
• F - Applies force loads on selected nodes. For example, F,ALL,FZ,-100 applies a downward force of 100 N on all nodes in the Z-direction.
• SF - Applies surface loads on selected elements. For example, SF,ALL,PRES,1E5 applies a pressure of 1E5 Pa on all elements.
• SOLVE - Initiates the solution process and writes the results to the database.
• /POST1 - Enters the general postprocessor, where you can review and manipulate the results of the solution.
• PLNSOL - Plots a contour of a nodal or element solution item. For example, PLNSOL,U,SUM plots the total displacement of the nodes.
• PRNSOL - Prints the nodal or element solution data to a file or the screen. For example, PRNSOL,S,X prints the stress in the X-direction of the elements.
• /POST26 - Enters the time-history postprocessor, where you can review and manipulate the results of a transient or harmonic analysis.
• PLTIME - Plots a graph of a variable versus time or frequency. For example, PLTIME,UZ,2 plots the displacement in the Z-direction of node 2 versus time or frequency.
• PRNLD - Prints the load step data to a file or the screen. For example, PRNLD,FREQ prints the frequency values for each load step.

You can find more information and examples of APDL commands in Ansys in the following resources:

• Mechanical APDL Command Reference: This is a PDF document that explains the syntax and usage of all the APDL commands in Ansys.
• Common Commands in ANSYS APDL: This is a PDF document that summarizes some of the basic commands for selecting, defining, and manipulating entities in Ansys.
• A (Very) Brief Primer on MAPDL Command Objects for Postprocessing: This is a PDF document that introduces some of the commands for postprocessing results using APDL command objects in Ansys Workbench.
• Examples of using the APDL command in Ansys Workbench: This is a web page that shows some examples of how to use APDL commands in Ansys Workbench for different types of analyses.

What is heat flux and what is its influence in numerical analyzes in CFD Ansys software

What are SMART and GPAD functionality in Ansys Mechanical and examples to use

Fatique analysis in Ansys Mechanical (with models description)

How to improve (reduce) skewness factor in Ansys Mechanical and CFD

What is heat flux and what is its influence in numerical analyzes in CFD Ansys software

 Heat flux is a measure of the rate of heat transfer per unit area. It has the units of watts per square meter (W/m^2). There are three modes of heat transfer: conduction, convection, and radiation. Conduction is the transfer of heat within a solid or between solids in contact. Convection is the transfer of heat between a solid surface and a moving fluid. Radiation is the transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves, which can occur in a vacuum.

To perform a heat transfer analysis in Ansys, you need to use Ansys Mechanical, which is a finite element analysis software that can solve various types of problems, including thermal problems. You can use Ansys Mechanical to perform steady-state or transient heat transfer analyses, depending on whether the thermal loads are constant or vary over time. You can also apply different types of boundary conditions, such as temperature, heat flux, heat generation, convection, and radiation.

To learn more about heat transfer and how to use Ansys Mechanical for thermal analysis, you can check out the following resources:

• Introduction to Heat Transfer: This is a PDF document that explains the basic concepts and equations of heat transfer, including Fourier’s law, convection coefficient, and Stefan-Boltzmann law.
• How to Perform a Heat Transfer Analysis — Lesson 1: This is a video tutorial that shows you how to set up and run a steady-state thermal analysis in Ansys Mechanical using a simple example.
• Ansys Mechanical Heat Transfer: This is a training course that covers the topics and features of Ansys Mechanical related to heat transfer analysis, such as thermal contact, thermal stress, thermal fatigue, and coupled-field analysis.

The influence of heat flux in numerical analyses in CFD Ansys programs depends on the type and mode of heat transfer that is being modeled. Heat flux is a measure of the rate of heat transfer per unit area, and it can affect the temperature distribution, fluid flow, and thermal stress in a system.

There are three modes of heat transfer: conduction, convection, and radiation. Conduction is the transfer of heat within a solid or between solids in contact. Convection is the transfer of heat between a solid surface and a moving fluid. Radiation is the transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves, which can occur in a vacuum.

In Ansys Fluent, you can model different types of heat transfer problems using various methods and boundary conditions. For example, you can use the following methods to model heat flux:

• Surface heat flux: You can specify a constant or variable heat flux on a surface as a boundary condition. This can be used to model external heat sources or sinks, such as heaters, coolers, or solar radiation.
• Heat generation: You can specify a volumetric heat source or sink within a solid or fluid domain as a source term. This can be used to model internal heat sources or sinks, such as chemical reactions, electrical currents, or nuclear fission.
• Convection: You can specify a convective heat transfer coefficient and a reference temperature on a surface as a boundary condition. This can be used to model heat transfer between a solid surface and a fluid with known properties, such as air or water.
• Radiation: You can use various radiation models to account for the effects of thermal radiation on the system. This can be used to model heat transfer between surfaces or between surfaces and the environment by electromagnetic waves.

The influence of heat flux on the numerical results depends on the magnitude, direction, and distribution of the heat flux, as well as the material properties, geometry, and boundary conditions of the system. For example, a higher heat flux can result in higher temperatures, faster fluid velocities, and larger thermal stresses in the system. A directional heat flux can create temperature gradients and induce natural convection in the system. A non-uniform heat flux can cause local hot spots or cold spots in the system.

To perform a reliable and accurate CFD analysis of heat transfer problems in Ansys Fluent, you need to choose an appropriate mesh size, time step, solver settings, convergence criteria, and validation methods. You also need to verify and validate your results with experimental data or analytical solutions.

If you want to learn more about how to use Ansys Fluent for CFD analysis of heat transfer problems, you can check out the following resources:

• Ansys Fluent Theory Guide: This is a PDF document that explains the theoretical background and mathematical formulations of various models and methods used in Ansys Fluent.
• Ansys Fluent User’s Guide: This is a PDF document that provides detailed instructions on how to use Ansys Fluent for various types of problems and applications.
• Ansys Fluent Tutorials: These are video tutorials that demonstrate how to set up and solve different types of CFD problems using Ansys Fluent.

I hope this information was helpful for you. If you have any other questions or requests, please let me know. 😊

What are SMART and GPAD functionality in Ansys Mechanical and examples to use

Fatique analysis in Ansys Mechanical (with models description)

How to improve (reduce) skewness factor in Ansys Mechanical and CFD

Cooling process of the gear on Transient Thermal (Ansys Workbench)

What are SMART and GPAD functionality in Ansys Mechanical and examples to use

 I'm glad you are interested in using the SMART function in Ansys Mechanical. The SMART function is a feature that allows you to simulate the crack growth in engineering structures under fatigue or static loading conditions. SMART stands for **S**tress-intensity factor based **M**esh **A**daptive **R**e-meshing **T**echnique¹. 

Some examples of using the SMART function in Ansys Mechanical are:

- [A video tutorial](^1^) that demonstrates how to use the SMART function to simulate Mode I dominant fatigue or static crack growth in a pump housing. The video shows how to set up the initial crack geometry and mesh, the boundary conditions and loads, and the crack growth parameters and criteria. The video also shows how to view the results of the crack growth simulation, such as the stress intensity factors, the crack front shape, and the crack opening displacement.

- [A white paper](^2^) that explains the benefits and features of the SMART function, such as the Unstructured Mesh Method (UMM) that reduces the preprocessing time by using an automatically generated all-tetrahedral mesh for crack fronts. The white paper also provides some case studies of using the SMART function for different applications, such as a surface crack in a pressure vessel, a through-thickness crack in a pipe elbow, and a corner crack in a plate.

- [A lecture note](^3^) that introduces the basics of using Ansys Workbench and Ansys Mechanical for structural and thermal analyses. The lecture note covers topics such as the user interface, the geometry import and creation, the meshing process, the material properties, the boundary conditions and loads, the solution settings and controls, and the post-processing tools. The lecture note also includes some exercises and examples of using Ansys Mechanical for different types of analyses, such as static structural, modal, harmonic response, transient dynamic, thermal, and thermal-stress.

Source: 

(1) ANSYS Mechanical: Fatigue Crack Growth Analysis using SMART ... - YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8fy0hmTITEQ.

(2) ANSYS Mechanical: Fatigue Crack Growth Analysis using SMART ... - YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8fy0hmTITEQ.

(3) Ansys SMART Crack Growth & Fracture Modeling White Paper | Ansys. https://www.ansys.com/resource-center/white-paper/smart-fracture.

(4) Lecture 1 Introduction to ANSYS Workbench - Rice University. https://www.clear.rice.edu/mech517/WB16/lectures_trainee/Mechanical_Intro_16.0_L01_Intro.pdf.

Examples to use SMART function 

- [A video tutorial](^1^) that demonstrates how to use the SMART function to simulate Mode I dominant fatigue or static crack growth in a pump housing. The video shows how to set up the initial crack geometry and mesh, the boundary conditions and loads, and the crack growth parameters and criteria. The video also shows how to view the results of the crack growth simulation, such as the stress intensity factors, the crack front shape, and the crack opening displacement.

- [A white paper](^2^) that explains the benefits and features of the SMART function, such as the Unstructured Mesh Method (UMM) that reduces the preprocessing time by using an automatically generated all-tetrahedral mesh for crack fronts. The white paper also provides some case studies of using the SMART function for different applications, such as a surface crack in a pressure vessel, a through-thickness crack in a pipe elbow, and a corner crack in a plate.

- [A lecture note](^3^) that introduces the basics of using Ansys Workbench and Ansys Mechanical for structural and thermal analyses. The lecture note covers topics such as the user interface, the geometry import and creation, the meshing process, the material properties, the boundary conditions and loads, the solution settings and controls, and the post-processing tools. The lecture note also includes some exercises and examples of using Ansys Mechanical for different types of analyses, such as static structural, modal, harmonic response, transient dynamic, thermal, and thermal-stress.

I hope these examples help you to learn more about using the SMART function in Ansys Mechanical. If you have any questions or feedback, please let me know. 😊

Source:

(1) ANSYS Mechanical: Fatigue Crack Growth Analysis using SMART ... - YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8fy0hmTITEQ.

(2) ANSYS Mechanical: Fatigue Crack Growth Analysis using SMART ... - YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8fy0hmTITEQ.

(3) Ansys SMART Crack Growth & Fracture Modeling White Paper | Ansys. https://www.ansys.com/resource-center/white-paper/smart-fracture.

(4) Lecture 1 Introduction to ANSYS Workbench - Rice University. https://www.clear.rice.edu/mech517/WB16/lectures_trainee/Mechanical_Intro_16.0_L01_Intro.pdf.

GPAD function 

The GPAD function is a feature in Ansys Mechanical that allows you to perform adaptive meshing based on the geometry of the model. GPAD stands for **G**eometry-**P**reserving **A**daptive **D**iscretization³. The GPAD function enables you to start a simulation with a coarser mesh, and, as the model is solved, the solver monitors quantities like variation of stress in regions and automatically refines the mesh³. The mesh refinement is based on the underlying CAD geometry, not the initial coarse mesh. This means that the mesh refinement works closer to the true shape of the model².

The GPAD function can improve the accuracy and efficiency of structural mechanics simulations, especially in cases where the detailed geometry of the system plays a critical role in determining its physical behavior². For example, the GPAD function can be useful for simulating crack growth, extrusion, hyper-elasticity, and other nonlinear phenomena¹.

To use the GPAD function in Ansys Mechanical, you need to activate the Nonlinear Adaptive Region option in the Solution branch of the Outline tree. You can also specify the parameters for the adaptive meshing, such as the maximum number of remeshing cycles, the remeshing criterion, and the remeshing method¹.

You can find more information and examples about using the GPAD function in Ansys Mechanical in these videos¹⁴ and this white paper². I hope this answers your question. 😊

Source:

(1) Top 5 Features in Ansys Mechanical 2023 R1. https://www.ansys.com/blog/mechanical-2023-r1.

(2) Adaptive Meshing Preserves Geometry in Ansys Mechanical Release. https://simutechgroup.com/adaptive-meshing-preserves-geometry-in-ansys-mechanical-release/.

(3) How to Use Non-Linear Adaptive Meshing in Ansys Mechanical. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T90iGxHkmvQ.

(4)  https://go.edrmedeso.com/edrmedeso-tr.

(5)  https://www.linkedin.com/company/edr&.

(6) https://www.facebook.com/edrmedeso.

(7)https://twitter.com/EDRMedeso.

(8)  https://digitallabs.edrmedeso.com/new.

Some examples of using the GPAD function in Ansys Mechanical are:

- [A blog post](^1^) that lists the top 5 features in Ansys Mechanical 2023 R1, including the GPAD function. The blog post explains the benefits and features of the GPAD function, such as improved accuracy and efficiency, reduced preprocessing time, and automatic remeshing. The blog post also shows a screenshot of how to activate the GPAD function in the Solution branch of the Outline tree.

- [A video tutorial] that demonstrates how to use the GPAD function to simulate a crack growth problem in a pressure vessel. The video shows how to set up the initial crack geometry and mesh, the boundary conditions and loads, and the crack growth parameters and criteria. The video also shows how to view the results of the crack growth simulation, such as the stress intensity factors, the crack front shape, and the crack opening displacement.

- [A white paper](^2^) that explains the technical details of the GPAD function, such as the Unstructured Mesh Method (UMM) that reduces the preprocessing time by using an automatically generated all-tetrahedral mesh for crack fronts. The white paper also provides some case studies of using the GPAD function for different applications, such as a surface crack in a pressure vessel, a through-thickness crack in a pipe elbow, and a corner crack in a plate.

I hope these examples help you to learn more about using the GPAD function in Ansys Mechanical. If you have any questions or feedback, please let me know. 😊

Source: 

(3) Top 5 Features in Ansys Mechanical 2023 R1. https://www.ansys.com/blog/mechanical-2023-r1.

(4) Adaptive Meshing Preserves Geometry in Ansys Mechanical Release .... https://simutechgroup.com/adaptive-meshing-preserves-geometry-in-ansys-mechanical-release/.

Fatique analysis in Ansys Mechanical (with models description)

How to improve (reduce) skewness factor in Ansys Mechanical and CFD

Cooling process of the gear on Transient Thermal (Ansys Workbench)

What is Ansys Speos and how to use

Fatique analysis in Ansys Mechanical (with models description)

 ANSYS Mechanical is a software that can help you perform fatigue analysis on your models and predict the fatigue life and damage of your materials. ANSYS Mechanical offers various tools and features to help you set up, run, and post-process your fatigue analysis. For example:

• You can use the Fatigue tool in ANSYS Mechanical to perform stress-based or strain-based fatigue analysis in both the time and frequency domains. You can also choose between different fatigue models, such as SN curve, EN curve, or Morrow model.
• You can use the Fatigue Sensitivity tool in ANSYS Mechanical to perform a parametric study on your fatigue analysis and evaluate how different design variables affect the fatigue life and damage of your materials.
• You can use the Fatigue Crack Growth tool in ANSYS Mechanical to simulate the crack initiation and propagation in your materials due to fatigue loading. You can also use different fracture mechanics models, such as Paris law, NASGRO equation, or Forman equation.

I searched the web  and found some results that might be helpful. The first result is a course overview of ANSYS Mechanical Fatigue that covers the use of the Fatigue tool to perform stress-based and strain-based fatigue analysis in both the time and frequency domains. The second result is a video tutorial that explains how to perform fatigue analysis in ANSYS Workbench. The third result is another video tutorial that shows how to use the Fatigue tool in ANSYS Mechanical. The fourth result is a PDF document that provides an introduction to ANSYS fatigue analysis.

Below You can see the models of SN curve, EN curve and Morrow models. These are some of the models that are used to predict the fatigue life of a material based on the stress or strain cycles.

• SN curve: This is a stress-life (S-N) curve that plots the stress amplitude versus the number of cycles to failure for a material. The SN curve is usually obtained from experimental tests under constant amplitude loading and fully reversed loading (R=-1), where R is the ratio of minimum to maximum stress. The SN curve can have different slopes depending on the stress level and the material behavior. For example, some materials may exhibit a fatigue limit, which is a stress level below which the material can endure an infinite number of cycles without failure. Other materials may not have a fatigue limit and show a continuous decrease in fatigue life with increasing stress. The SN curve can be used to estimate the fatigue life of a material when the stress is mostly elastic and the mean stress is low.
• EN curve: This is a strain-life (E-N) curve that plots the strain amplitude versus the number of cycles to failure for a material. The EN curve is also obtained from experimental tests under constant amplitude loading and fully reversed loading (R=-1), but it considers both the elastic and plastic components of strain. The EN curve can be divided into three regions: low-cycle fatigue (LCF), high-cycle fatigue (HCF), and transition fatigue. In the LCF region, the plastic strain dominates and the material fails after a relatively small number of cycles. In the HCF region, the elastic strain dominates and the material fails after a relatively large number of cycles. In the transition region, both elastic and plastic strains are significant and the material exhibits an intermediate fatigue life. The EN curve can be used to estimate the fatigue life of a material when the strain is partly plastic and the mean stress is high.
• Morrow model: This is a mean stress correction model that modifies the EN curve to account for the effect of mean stress on fatigue life. The mean stress is the average of the maximum and minimum stress in a cycle. The mean stress can influence the fatigue life of a material by changing the effective strain amplitude and causing either damage accumulation or damage recovery. The Morrow model assumes that only the plastic strain amplitude is affected by the mean stress, while the elastic strain amplitude remains constant. The Morrow model uses a modified endurance limit to calculate the corrected plastic strain amplitude based on the mean stress. The Morrow model can be used to improve the accuracy of fatigue life prediction when the mean stress is not zero.

I hope this description helps you understand more about these models. 😊

How to improve (reduce) skewness factor in Ansys Mechanical and CFD

Cooling process of the gear on Transient Thermal (Ansys Workbench)

What is Ansys Speos and how to use

What is Young Modulus in Ansys Mechanical (impact of this factor for structural analysis)

How to define porosity (porous medium) in Ansys CFD (Fluent, CFX)