ASP.NET EXE Output Text ??? - Encoding, Fonts, Permissions & Environment Variables

 The issue you're facing with the text appearing as ??? in the generated JPG file when executing the EXE from your ASP.NET application could be due to several reasons:

 * Encoding Mismatch: The encoding used by your ASP.NET application might differ from the encoding expected by the external EXE. Try specifying the encoding for the command line arguments using Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes().

 * Font Issue: The font containing the characters you're trying to display might not be available on the system where the ASP.NET application is running. Ensure the font is installed or embedded within the EXE itself.

 * Permissions: The ASP.NET application pool user might lack the necessary permissions to access the resources required by the EXE. Try running the application pool with a user account that has appropriate permissions.

 * Environment Variables: The external EXE might rely on specific environment variables that are not set when launched from the ASP.NET application. Identify any required environment variables and set them programmatically before starting the process.

Here are some additional tips:

 * Inspect the event logs for any errors related to the process execution.

 * Try capturing the output of the EXE using p.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true; to see if there are any error messages.

By investigating these potential causes, you should be able to resolve the issue with the text appearing incorrectly in the generated JPG file.